31 May 2007

The Hollywood Studio System

The Hollywood Studio System
Douglas Gomery's book The Hollywood Studio System was first published over twenty years ago, and has been republished in an expanded version. The first edition dealt only with the golden age of the Hollywood studio system (the 1930s and 1940s), though Gomery has now supplemented this with sections on the system's origins (1915-1930) and its death and rebirth (1950 onwards).

The Genius Of The System, by Thomas Schatz, also presents a studio-by-studio history of Hollywood. Gomery's book is drier than Schatz's, though; reading all the economic and corporate detail, you sometimes forget that the studios produced entertainment and art. Gomery takes the 'show' out of 'show business', though Schatz strikes a better balance. However, Schatz discusses only the major studios whereas Gomery finds room for them all.

27 May 2007

The Way Hollywood Tells It

The Way Hollywood Tells It
The Way Hollywood Tells It, by David Bordwell, analyses the continuation of the narrative and stylistic trends established by classical Hollywood. It rejects the notion of a post-classical cinema, arguing that the new distribution/marketing techniques of blockbuster films (Star Wars, etc.) do not affect the classical construction of the films themselves, that post-modern self-referentiality (in Toy Story, etc.) has precedents from the studio era, and that formal experiments (Memento, etc.) are accompanied by classical principles so as not to alienate the audience.

Bordwell, one of the most respected American film writers (whose Film Art is perhaps the most popular film studies textbook), has written a sort-of sequel to The Classical Hollywood Cinema, his groundbreaking analysis of Hollywood modes of production from 1917-1960. One of his co-authors (Kristin Thompson) has already written her own sequel, Storytelling In The New Hollywood, taking a handful of films as case studies of the presence of classical traditions in contemporary cinema. Bordwell's new book is more ambitious in that it does not limit itself to case studies.

The case for a contemporary classical tradition is well made, and Bordwell's analysis is, naturally, outstanding, though this book lacks the depth of The Classical Hollywood Cinema. It ends with an extensive Hollywood timeline from 1960-2004, though the chronology includes only technical and corporate details instead of artistic milestones. Contemporary American Cinema, the only other book devoted to post-1960 American cinema, has more historical detail than Bordwell's, though its analysis is less impressive.

13 May 2007

What Is Design?

What Is Design?
What Is Design?
Thailand Creative & Design Center's permanent exhibition, What Is Design?, features a VW Beetle and other modern icons, a great opportunity to see 20th century industrial design in Bangkok. It's only a small exhibition, though it's the kind of permanent showcase for design classics that's sadly missing from London's Design Museum.

8 May 2007

1,000 Films To Change Your Life

1,000 Films To Change Your Life
1,000 Films To Change Your Life, edited by Simon Cropper, is a book of film recommendations categorised not chronologically but (a la Tate Modern) by emotional impact. There are chapters on Joy, Anger, Food For Thought (i.e. contemplation), Desire, Fear, Sadness, Exhilaration, Regret, Contempt, and Wonder. As a guide to films you might enjoy depending on your mood, it won't really teach you anything new, but it does give useful viewing suggestions.

An appendix titled 100 To Watch lists "100 reviews of key titles mentioned in this book", arranged alphabetically:
  • After Life
  • L'Age d'Or
  • Aguirre: The Wrath Of God
  • Alphaville
  • L'Atalante
  • An Autumn Afternoon
  • L'Avventura
  • Beau Travail
  • Berlin Alexanderplatz
  • La Bete Humaine
  • Bicycle Thieves
  • Branded To Kill
  • Cat People
  • Le Cercle Rouge
  • Chinatown
  • Citizen Kane
  • Come & See
  • The Conversation
  • Crimes & Misdemeanors
  • Daybreak
  • Days Of Being Wild
  • The Deer Hunter
  • Dr Strangelove
  • Dog Day Afternoon
  • Double Indemnity
  • Dracula
  • The Elephant Man
  • Eraserhead
  • Far From Heaven
  • The Five Obstructions
  • Frankenstein
  • The General
  • Gloria
  • The Godfather
  • Godzilla
  • Grand Illusion
  • The Green Ray
  • La Haine
  • Hana-Bi
  • Heat
  • Imitation Of Life
  • In A Lonely Place
  • In Praise Of Love
  • Insignificance
  • In The Company Of Men
  • In The Mood For Love
  • Irma Vep
  • The Killers
  • Kind Hearts & Coronets
  • King Kong
  • Kiss Me Deadly
  • Knife In The Water
  • Land & Freedom
  • Letter From An Unknown Woman
  • The Limey
  • The Magnificent Seven
  • The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance
  • The Man Without A Past
  • A Matter Of Life & Death
  • Metropolis
  • Mon Oncle D'Amerique
  • My Neighbour Totoro
  • Night & Fog
  • The Night Of The Hunter
  • Ninotchka
  • North By Northwest
  • Once Upon A Time In America
  • A One & A Two
  • Ordet
  • Pickpocket
  • The Private Life Of Sherlock Holmes
  • Rashomon
  • Ratcatcher
  • Read My Lips
  • Sans Soleil
  • The Scent Of Green Papaya
  • The Searchers
  • Seven Samurai
  • Sherlock Jr
  • Short Cuts
  • Singin' In The Rain
  • Some Like It Hot
  • The Son
  • Sonatine
  • The Story Of The Late Chrysanthemums
  • Sullivan's Travels
  • Taboo
  • Taxi Driver
  • Things To Come
  • Time Out
  • Touch Of Evil
  • 2001: A Space Odyssey
  • 2046
  • The Umbrellas Of Cherbourg
  • Vertigo
  • The Wild Bunch
  • The Wind Will Carry Us
  • Witchfinder General
  • Woman Of The Dunes
  • Z
The book also has many short essays, including Emilie Bickerton on films that "chastise the viewer for daring to enter the auditorium", Christopher Frayling on "how films can scare us", and Jonathan Rosenbaum on films that generate "open-mouthed awe". In the second of his essays, Geoff Andrews suggests that the best film directors have surnames starting with 'K', and I heartily agree. Speaking of which, there's also a brief analysis of Kubrick's oeuvre by Ben Walters. Note that Frankenstein is the 1931 James Whale version, not the silent Thomas Edison film. Also, Some Like It Hot is the 1959 comic masterpiece, not the obscure 1939 comedy.

1 May 2007

100 Years Of Magazine Covers

100 Years Of Magazine Covers
Steve Taylor's 100 Years Of Magazine Covers is an international survey of a century of magazine covers, from the first issue of Punch to the latest issue of Modern Toss. The book is divided into five thematic chapters.

The first chapter discusses the magazine cover as celebrity portraiture. An Andy Warhol self-portrait for his own magazine Interview is included, alongside Annie Leibovitz's iconic image of John Lennon and Yoko Ono for Rolling Stone.

Chapter two covers reportage and politics, from the reverential (Picture Post's dignified image of Winston Churchill) to the satirical (a savage Richard Nixon caricature by Ralph Steadman for Rolling Stone, and Harold Wilson on the cover of Private Eye). The scope of this chapter is far too large, though, and although it covers (American) politics quite well, there is very little room for war reportage.

The next chapter is devoted to fashion magazines, including Elle, Vogue, i-D, and Dazed & Confused. Fashion magazines from the 1960s dominate this chapter, alongside a survey of contemporary style titles such as Another Magazine. There are only a few Vogue covers represented, though the magazine deserves much more extensive coverage.

The penultimate chapter concerns cultural movements (such as feminism, civil rights, and gay rights) and youth subcultures (including punks and hippies). This chapter's main focus is underground and fanzine titles like Oz and Sniffin' Glue.

Finally, the last chapter looks at magazine covers as graphic design objects, including some wonderful 1980s typography from The Face and bold 1970s covers from Time Out. Four pages devoted to eleven cover reproductions of Fast Company in this chapter seems highly excessive.

The only previous book to present a history of 20th century magazines is Magazine Covers by David Crowley. Crowley's book has 100 fewer pages than Taylor's, though it does have an index whereas Taylor's doesn't. Crowley presents double-page spreads on each magazine, organised into the same chapter themes as Taylor. Taylor has more of a pedigree (he has worked for The Face and Arena; his book is introduced by The Face's art director, Neville Brody), though Crowley's book has more historical scope. Both books are dominated by superb illustrations, with minimal contextualising text, though Crowley's writing is more detailed.